• Our results using RT PCR confirm earlier

  2024-05-11

  

  Our results using RT-PCR confirm earlier findings (Wilisch et al., 1999, Bruno et al., 2004) including the presence of both the P3A+ and P3A− isoforms of the α-subunit (Beeson et al., 1990). The lack of detection of the ε-subunit mRNAs in some thymomas, and lack of α-, β-, δ- and γ-subunit mRNAs by

• Introduction Myasthenia gravis MG is an autoimmune disorder

  2024-05-11

  

  Introduction Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by muscle weakness, which is mainly due to autoantibodies reducing the number or function of postsynaptic Galanthamine receptors (AChRs) [1], [2]. Animal models have been developed to uncover the immunopathogenesis of MG.

• Because activation of HT A receptor is

  2024-05-10

  

  Because activation of 5-HT2A receptor is capable of facilitating dopamine cell activity and dopamine release (Bortolozzi et al., 2003), and this action of dopamine is known to mediate rat maternal behavior, especially maternal motivation (Afonso et al., 2007, Febo et al., 2010, Li and Fleming, 2003,

• The knowledge on the structure of

  2024-05-10

  

  The knowledge on the structure of CYP17, including its active site, provides a rationale for understanding many mutations that are found in enzyme dysfunction in clinical disease as well as the enzyme's dual hydroxylase and lyase catalytic capabilities. This knowledge will assist rational drug desig

• br Structure of V ATPase V ATPase is a highly

  2024-05-10

  

  Structure of V-ATPase V-ATPase is a highly conserved multi-subunit enzyme that uses energy from ATP hydrolysis to transport protons across membranes [2], [3], [4]. It consists of two major functional domains, V1 and V0 (Fig. 1). The former has eight different subunits (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H)

• Previously using a P lacZ reporter gene system it has

  2024-05-10

  

  Previously, using a P-lacZ reporter gene system, it has been shown that the β-galactosidase activity was 9-fold higher in the stationary phase doxorubicin hydrochloride when compared with those of the exponential phase [15]. Furthermore, inositol supplementation did not have a major effect on the e

• Recent progress has been made in

  2024-05-10

  

  Recent progress has been made in translating animal findings on memory performance and amnestic effects – that are largely determined by tonically active receptors in which α5 contributes to the benzodiazepine binding site. Based on the observation that deletion of this subunit led to improved spati

• Previous investigations have established that aromatase acti

  2024-05-10

  

  Previous investigations have established that aromatase activity is regulated via two different pathways in a tissue-specific manner. The first is a slower transcription regulatory pathway that involves an alteration in gene transcription and represents what is classically thought of as the way by w

• The most likely explanation for the species differences in

  2024-05-10

  

  The most likely explanation for the species differences in aromatase distribution and the unique Indirubin distribution in humans is the unique location, size and highly elaborate organization of the human aromatase gene (e.g. Bulun et al., 2003). The human Cyp19 is a large gene located on chromoso

• br Conclusions In summary aromatase mRNA expression in

  2024-05-10

  

  Conclusions In summary, aromatase mRNA expression in the trans-isomer of A. leptorhynchus shows a similar distribution pattern as seen in other teleosts with expression detected in the forebrain and the pituitary gland. The lack of aromatase mRNA expression in the midbrain and hindbrain of A. le

• br Materials and methods br

  2024-05-10

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion We demonstrate reduced angiogenic activity in NDRG1 overexpressing malignant glioma leading to reduced glioma growth. This antiangiogenic phenotype is paralleled by a significant upregulation of the antiangiogenic gene TNFSF15. TNFSF15 upregulation i

• The findings from our previous study indicate that mitochond

  2024-05-10

  

  The findings from our previous study indicate that mitochondrial biogenesis of astrocytes is increased under experimental septic condition [25]. Recent studies have shown that IL-6 can activate AMPK by increasing the concentration of AMP [26], while AMPK regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and autoph

• br Introduction Psychostimulant abuse and addiction remain a

  2024-05-09

  

  Introduction Psychostimulant abuse and addiction remain a societal problem in the United States. The latest statistics from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health indicate that slightly less than one million people over the age of 12 report having a cocaine use disorder (NSDUH, 2016). Additio

• A clear link between ADR stimulation and decreased respirati

  2024-05-09

  

  A clear link between α2-ADR stimulation and decreased respiration in β-cells is established and consistent with proteomics data. Current discoveries in islets have identified physical interactions between ADR-coupled G proteins and cellular components such as insulin vesicles and ion channels (Zhao

• To date the molecular responses of AChE have been

  2024-05-09

  

  To date, the molecular responses of AChE have been partially analyzed in its mRNA level or protein activity in aquatic animals. To understand the correlation between transcriptional change and activity of AChE, we conducted both experiments in B. koreanus. Generally, the antioxidants patterns of th

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