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Preliminary analyses of these identified two bands for MALDI
2022-04-06

Preliminary analyses of these identified two bands for MALDI-TOF/TOF have shown the presence of approximately 20 proteins, most of which have not yet been characterized. However, several proteins, such as cytochrome c oxidase [53], peroxiredoin II E [54] and alcohol dehydrogenase [55], have been ide
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In plants NO production is
2022-04-06

In plants, NO production is one of the early responses to stress (Tossi, Lamattina, & Cassia, 2009). Usually, NO signal transduction requires the involvement of downstream signaling compounds. We further investigated the effects of cGMP on GSK-3 expression. The data showed that LY83583 (a cGMP inhib
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While the specific set of challenges associated with deorpha
2022-04-06

While the specific set of challenges associated with deorphanization and transforming each poorly characterized GPCR into a useful drug target will be unique, much can be learned by considering how these issues have been addressed for other receptors. One group of poorly characterized GPCRs that hav
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voltage gated potassium channel br Introduction The amino ac
2022-04-06

Introduction The amino voltage gated potassium channel glycine functions as a neurotransmitter in the vertebrate central nervous system: as an inhibitory neurotransmitter and as a co-agonist of the NMDA-subtype of excitatory glutamatergic receptors (Eulenburg et al., 2005). Under a current hypot
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br Acknowledgment br Introduction Positive and negative rein
2022-04-06

Acknowledgment Introduction Positive and negative reinforcement are known as the two pivotal components in various models of drug dependence. Compulsive drug seeking behavior results from both the euphoric effects of drug use (positive reinforcement) and the unpleasant withdrawal signs followi
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Tail group SAR of the imidazole
2022-04-06

Tail group SAR of the imidazole derived analogs is shown in . The previous SAR study from the discovery of AMG 837 revealed that a simple un-substituted meta-biphenyl tail group was less favorable in terms of potency. Efforts to introduce polarity to the tail group were not successful. When a methyl
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By regulation of synaptic glutamate
2022-04-06

By regulation of synaptic glutamate concentration, glutamate transporters play an important role in limiting glutamate signaling and controlling the activation of glutamate receptors (Rimmele and Rosenberg, 2016). Reduced glutamate transport is thought to underlie the pathogenesis of numerous neurol
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br Acknowledgements br Introduction High
2022-04-06

Acknowledgements Introduction High-intensity noise exposure has long been known to induce damage in the peripheral and central auditory system, often resulting in auditory pathologies such as hearing loss, tinnitus and hyperacusis (Syka, 2002; Roberts et al., 2010). Within the inner ear, struc
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br Competing interests br Acknowledgements br Introduction F
2022-04-06

Competing interests Acknowledgements Introduction - Factors Regulating Glucose Tolerance Strictly speaking, the incretin effect refers to the amplification of insulin secretion, which occurs when glasdegib is taken in orally as compared to infused intravenously [1]. Normally, the insulin r
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Ulimorelin also known as TPZ is a macrocyclic molecule
2022-04-06

Ulimorelin, also known as TPZ101, is a macrocyclic molecule that is a potent agonist of the ghrelin receptor (Hoveyda et al., 2011). Due to its ability to stimulate gastrointestinal motility, ulimorelin has been evaluated as a possible treatment in gastroparesis (Ejskjaer et al., 2010), ileus (Frase
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The Cx family of integral membrane proteins are key
2022-04-06

The Cx family of integral membrane proteins [13] are key components of the Gap Junction channels that provide GJIC, which is indispensable in the preservation of tissue integrity and homeostasis in multicellular organisms. Gap Junction channels form a conduit for exchange of ions (Ca2+), second mess
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In summary metagenome sequencing of paddy soil was
2022-04-06

In summary, metagenome sequencing of paddy soil was performed with 55.68 Gb sequences, and subsequent data mining was performed for functional profiles and metabolic pathways. Several GH family proteins, such as amylases, cellulases, xylanases, and galactosidases, were explored in the paddy soil met
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Emerging evidence has shown that pharmacological FXR agonism
2022-04-06

Emerging evidence has shown that pharmacological FXR agonism attenuates chronic alcohol treatment-induced liver injury and steatosis [18], [19], while whole-body FXR knockout worsens alcohol-induced liver injury [19]. This suggests that FXR plays an important role in ALD development. However, defici
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Potential roles for S P in
2022-04-02

Potential roles for S1P in angiogenesis, cancer, and autoimmune diseases such as RA have been reported [73]. In RA synoviocytes, S1P has been shown to enhance expression of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in response to the pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α and interleukin (IL)-
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The synthesis route of strobol C started from kirenol which
2022-04-02

The synthesis route of strobol C started from kirenol, which was treated with phosphomolybdic determining molarity hydrate in acetone to afford isopropylidenkirenol () as illustrated in . Treatment of with acetic anhydride in a mixture of dry pyridine, gave fully protected intermediate in 84.5% y
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