• Linagliptin is a recently approved dipeptidyl peptidase DPP

  2024-08-20

  

  Linagliptin is a recently approved dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor and widely considered as first-line treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes. DPP-4 is responsible for the inactivation of incretin hormones, such as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). GLP-1 is released by the intestine af

• br Acknowledgements This work was supported

  2024-08-20

  

  Acknowledgements This work was supported by Programme Grants from the MRC and the Wellcome Trust (SGC-C and MF). CB was in receipt of a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship during part of this work. We thank past and present members of our group for numerous valuable discussions throughout these

• The functional significance of the

  2024-08-20

  

  The functional significance of the cap residues with regard to the established role of PfA-M1 in hemoglobin catabolism in the food vacuole is a key question that is difficult to address with in vitro studies. We note that three of the dipeptide substrates used in our study are found in the sequences

• Due to metabolic variations it is important to consider

  2024-08-20

  

  Due to metabolic variations, it is important to consider arginine metabolism and dependency in specific contexts to identify precise patterns. This is best illustrated for ASS: while ASS deficiency correlates with worse prognosis in sarcomas, ASS levels positively correlate with a poor prognosis in

• Another issue is that the vast majority of

  2024-08-20

  

  Another issue is that the vast majority of data from PET and CSF are from selected participants recruited through tertiary care dementia centers [176]. It is widely recognized that clinic-based participants differ from community-based studies, for example, the amount, type, and distribution of neuro

• It has been largely demonstrated that several clinico pathol

  2024-08-20

  

  It has been largely demonstrated that several clinico-pathological factors influence ovarian cancer patients' prognosis, including residual tumor at primary cytoreductive surgery, FIGO stage, tumor grading, cancer histology and performance status [3,4]. Nevertheless, the recent awareness achieved in

• The present study determined the

  2024-08-20

  

  The present study determined the effect of DCA on VSMC calcification in vitro and in atherosclerotic ApoE-/- mice in vivo. We found that Concanamycin A non-toxic concentrations of DCA, did not affect VSMC viability, induced calcification of VSMC in culture and increased atherosclerotic vascular cal

• In the search for more specific inhibitors of uptake Iversen

  2024-08-20

  

  In the search for more specific inhibitors of uptake2, Iversen and Salt (1970) speculated that steroids may potentiate the actions of catecholamines on vascular smooth muscle by inhibiting uptake2-mediated catecholamine clearance of the transmitters. They went on to demonstrate that a variety of ste

• A number of studies suggest that adiponectin promotes osteob

  2024-08-20

  

  A number of studies suggest that adiponectin promotes osteoblast differentiation and bone formation by directly targeting GSK-3β and β-Catenin signaling [64], [65], favoring bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) differentiation toward the osteoblastic lineage [66], [67], decreasing sympathetic to

• br Experimental procedures Adk tg Adktm tg

  2024-08-20

  

  Experimental procedures Adk-tg (Adktm1−/−:tg(UbiAdk) mice were created by breeding a loxP-flanked Adk transgene under the control of a human ubiquitin promoter into ADK knockout mice (Fedele et al., 2005,). Fb-Adk-def (Adktm1−/−:tg(UbiAdk):Emx1-Cre-tg3) mice were generated by pairing Emx1-Cre-tg3

• A more versatile cellular delivery system for

  2024-08-20

  

  A more versatile cellular delivery system for adenosine was generated by engineering mouse embryonic stem cells to lack both cdk7 of Adk (Fedele et al., 2004). Using a step-wise differentiation protocol (Okabe et al., 1996) Adk−/− ES cells were differentiated into transplantable adenosine-releasing

• The obtained results indicate that even when

  2024-08-19

  

  The obtained results indicate that even when the impairment of the same forms of memory are present, amnesia can develop in different ways. Impairment of memory reconsolidation in the conditioned food aversion model through both the serotonin receptor antagonist and the antagonist of NMDA glutamate

• br Role of LPA in tumor angiogenesis and skeletal metastasis

  2024-08-19

  

  Role of LPA in tumor angiogenesis and skeletal metastasis The angiogenesis switch is essential for tumor expansion and escape of tumor cannabinoid receptors from the primary site and forming distant metastases. Evidence for the role of LPA2 and LPA3 in the mobility of endothelial cells and the f

• Hesperadin l Arginine supplementation was reported to be

  2024-08-19

  

  l-Arginine supplementation was reported to be efficient, inefficient or toxic in aged patients. The present study does not support our hypothesis that increased tissue arginase activity may account for the ineffectiveness and even the toxicity of l-arginine supplementation in ageing. Indeed, except

• Interestingly metabolic dysfunction is also

  2024-08-19

  

  Interestingly, metabolic dysfunction is also observed in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Patients and mouse models of familial ALS exhibit higher levels of resting Menadione synthesis expenditure and lower fat-free mass, indicating a hypermetabolic phenotype. Lim et al. (2012) found that reduci

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