• It has been known for

  2021-11-30

  

  It has been known for some time that an oral salt load given to mammals induces a much greater natriuresis than the intravenous administration of an equivalent amount of saline (Carey et al., 1976, Singer et al., 1998). In addition, oral administration of salt to rats has been reported to augmented

• A similar symbiotic relationship has been reported in the br

  2021-11-30

  

  A similar symbiotic relationship has been reported in the brain, where increased gradients of lactate secreted by astrocytes enables neurons to import and use this nutrient, a process referred to the ‘neuron–astrocyte lactate shuttle’ [16]. Similarly, lactate-based metabolic coupling established by

• br Activity dependent control of myelination and myelin main

  2021-11-30

  

  Activity-dependent control of myelination and myelin maintenance Oligodendrocytes have intrinsic myelinating capacity and can myelinate fixed Dioscin sale in addition to synthetic nanofibers and micropillars [21, 34, 35]. What prevents oligodendrocytes from myelinating dendrites or other cells in

• failure br Acknowledgement This work was supported

  2021-11-29

  

  Acknowledgement This work was supported in part by grants from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad from Spain (BFU2011-23034). Introduction The glutamate hypothesis of schizophrenia emerged from observations in the 1960s that phencyclidine and similar psychotomimetic agents produce s

• br Methods br Results br Discussion Among three

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  Methods Results Discussion Among three main signaling pathways activated by bFGF, the MAPK pathway was found to be involved in the upregulation of GR levels. So far, there have been a few candidates that could connect activated ERK to the upregulation of GR. One likely candidate is the zinc

• br Conclusions Temporally controlled disruption of Gcgr

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  Conclusions Temporally-controlled disruption of Gcgr reveals a lack meaningful contribution to the improvement of glycemic control in insulinopenic conditions attributable to the intrinsic loss of GCGR signaling. On the other hand, these data highlight the importance of compensatory systems, incl

• br Conclusion Our experiments have confirmed the

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  Conclusion Our experiments have confirmed the effects of fasting, DIO, and E2 on the expression of Ghsr, Npy, and Agrp in the ARC (Briggs et al., 2013, Briggs et al., 2010, Brown and Clegg, 2010, Coppola et al., 2007, Palou et al., 2009, Roepke et al., 2008, Verhulst et al., 2012). However, gene

• Both preclinical and clinical studies have identified

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  Both preclinical and clinical studies have identified a distributed set of CNS nuclei that participate in cognitive control of feeding behavior. Preclinical studies that utilize restricted access feeding schedules (RFS) indicate that rodents learn to anticipate delivery of scheduled meals as indicat

• Treatment with histamine had no effect on histamine

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  Treatment with histamine had no effect on histamine H1 receptor expression in HepG2 teniposide (Fig. 1), while knockdown of histamine H1 receptor expression prevented histamine from repressing apo A-I gene expression (Fig. 2). Overexpression of the histamine H1 receptor regulated apo A-I promoter a

• Vacquinol-1 br Acknowledgment S A was supported by V Plan Pr

  2021-11-29

  

  Acknowledgment S.A was supported by V Plan Propio US-Acceso USE-14793-G. Introduction The Hippo signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved pathway that controls organ size and cell differentiation across diverse organisms through the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis (Di Ca

• br Conflict of interest statement

  2021-11-29

  

  Conflict of interest statement Introduction The Hedgehog (Hh) family of secreted protein signals patterns many tissues and structures during embryogenesis (Chiang et al., 1996, Dessaud et al., 2008, Ingham, 1993) and, post-embryonically, governs tissue homeostasis and regeneration by regulatin

• br Experimental br Acknowledgements This work was financiall

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  Experimental Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by Ministry of Knowledge and Economy (10032113) and Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (20100000297). Introduction To ensure accurate chromosome segregation, cohesion between sister chromatids must be maintained u

• The neotropical fish Prochilodus lineatus has been widely us

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  The neotropical fish Prochilodus lineatus has been widely used in experimental designs for being sensitive to variations in water quality and tolerant to laboratory conditions (Camargo and Martinez, 2006, Cazenave et al., 2014, da Silva and Martinez, 2014, Vieira et al., 2016). Concern and reports a

• cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor Metallothioneins MTs that

  2021-11-29

  

  Metallothioneins (MTs) that are intracellular proteins responsible for the maintenance of metal homeostasis are involved in arsenic toxicity (Kita et al., 2006). Four major MT isoforms have been reported so far, MT1, MT2A, MT3 and MT4. The synthesis of MT1 and MT2A isoforms in mammal cells can be in

• br Conclusion and future perspectives The nicotinic acid

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  Conclusion and future perspectives The nicotinic Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride receptor GPR109A and its close relatives GPR109B and GPR81 are primarily expressed in adipocytes and are coupled to Gi-type G proteins. Recently, the ketone body β-hydroxy-butyrate, the β-oxidation intermediate 3-hydrox

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