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Introduction Activation of epidermal growth
2020-08-10

Introduction Activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) is a key factor in the progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). EGFR-RTKs cause proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis, as well as suppress apoptosis, in lung adenocarcinoma
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Other GPCRs notable for changes in expression on
2020-08-10

Other GPCRs notable for changes in expression on CLL cells include upregulation of the thromboxane A2 receptor TBXA2R mRNA [61] and up and downregulation of mRNA and protein from the neurotensin receptors NTSR2 and NTSR1, respectively [62]. The Eμ-TCL1 mouse model of CLL has been used to study mult
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cycloserine The component E of PDHc PDHc E catalyzes
2020-08-09

The component E1 of PDHc (PDHc-E1) catalyzes the first step of multistep processes, using thiamine diphosphate (ThDP) and Mg2+ as cofactors.15, 16 Especially, this PDHc-E1 catalyzed process is a rate limiting step among multistep processes. Accordingly, the PDHc should be inactive by inhibiting the
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Cot MAP K is the sole MAP K that activates
2020-08-08

Cot (MAP3K8) is the sole MAP3K that activates the MEK1/2-Erk1/2 following the activation of the TLR/IL-1 receptor superfamily as well as some receptors of the TNF receptor family [8], [9], [10] and mediates the production of chemokines and cytokines in different cell systems [reviewed in [11]]. Thus
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Recently we have created CRISPR Cas
2020-08-08

Recently, we have created CRISPR/Cas9-mediated col14a1a knockout fish to interrogate the function of col14a1a during regeneration using the caudal fin model. Using AFM, we showed that collagen XIV-A transiently acts as a molecular spacer responsible for BM biomechanics possibly by helping laminins i
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Protein kinase casein kinase CK comprises a
2020-08-08

Protein kinase casein kinase 1 (CK1) comprises a family of highly related, constitutively active serine/threonine protein kinases (reviewed by [15]). CK1 is involved in controlling a wide variety of different cellular events including protein turnover [16], [17], nuclear import [18] and the cellular
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Another regulatory pathway that needs to be considered in th
2020-08-08

Another regulatory pathway that needs to be considered in the evaluation of EPAC therapeutic potential is the bidirectional insulin–leptin feedback loop (adipo-insular axis). Insulin increases leptin plasma levels by promoting its expression and production, whereas leptin decreases insulin expressio
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MI-773 Data about the ability of non conventional ligands to
2020-08-07

Data about the ability of non-conventional ligands to operate class-A GPCRs have been accumulating. Specifically, increasing evidence indicates that oxysterols, oxidized derivatives of cholesterol, are involved in many activities that are not strictly associated with cholesterol metabolism and may a
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SUMOylation involves a three step enzyme pathway for
2020-08-07

SUMOylation involves a three-step enzyme pathway for the attachment of SUMO to its target proteins (Park et al, 2011). The first step is the activation of mature SUMO by a SUMO-specific E1 activating enzyme, which promotes C-terminal binding of SUMO to AMP (SUMO-AMP) in an ATP-dependent reaction. Th
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br Acknowledgments The authors would like to express their a
2020-08-07

Acknowledgments The authors would like to express their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia (project # 3067/1434). Main Text Acknowledgments We apologize to all colleagues whose important findings could not be cite
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We then asked whether the reduced A
2020-08-06

We then asked whether the reduced Aβ burden in APP/PS1xEP1−/− mice led to reduced injury development after cerebral ischemia. We approached this question in vitro by exposing cultured hippocampal slices from each of the mouse genotypes to OGD. Cell death was significantly decreased in EP1−/− tissue
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The catalyzed productions of nitric oxide NO include
2020-08-06

The catalyzed productions of nitric oxide (NO) include neuronal NOS (nNOS), endothelial NOS (eNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS). NO is considered as an inducer of ER stress that is related to cell apoptosis and eNOS and iNOS represents as ER stress-related markers [15]. In ischemia/reperfusion injury, t
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It has been shown that the vagus
2020-08-06

It has been shown that the vagus nerve can sense peripheral infections and/or tissue injuries via an afferent arc, which activates efferent neural circuits that modulate the progression of inflammatory responses [99]. Escherichia coli infection in mice triggers the production of mitoxantrone recepto
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The name of EBI suggests that
2020-08-06

The name of EBI2 suggests that EBV directly induces expression of the receptor, but the fact is that we, after more than two decades, still do not know if EBI2 is induced by EBV or if it is induced as part of the immune response to the virus infection. As described in detail below, EBI2 has moved fr
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In our model H deposition
2020-08-06

In our model, H3.3 deposition is required for DNA repair synthesis, which could be important to maintain chromatin integrity over long repair patches and also allow for the movement of the D-loop by providing structural stability. The unwinding of the DNA, as in transcription, generates torsional st
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